Mantles



Aug. 23, 1955 H. F. ZIMMERMAN MANTLES Filed Deo. '7, 1951 INVENTORHaro/d 717 Z/'mme/wm/ United States Patent O MANILES Harold F.Zimmerman, Louisville, Ky., assignor to the United States of America asrepresented by the Secretary of the Army Application December 7, 1951,Serial No. 260,555

5 Claims. (Cl. 67--98) (Granted under Title 35, U. S. Code (1952), sec.266) The invention described herein, if patented, may be manufacturedand used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without thepayment to me of any royalty thereon.

The present invention relates to mantles for gasoline burning devices,such as lanterns, and more particularly to a mantle incorporatingimproved means for anchoring the same to a burner tip.

Heretofore, asbestos drawstrings have commonly been provided in the openend or mouth of the mantles used on gasoline burning devices forcontracting the mouths of the uncalcined mantles into iirm grippingengagement with the burner tips to anchor the same thereto. In order tosecure best results with mantles of this type, it was necessary toarrange more or less uniform pleats or tucks in the open mouth of themantle as the mouth was being contracted by the drawstring. Thisoperation was often awkward to perform because of the relativelyinaccessible position in which the burner tip's in gasoline lanterns andother gasoline burning devices frequently are located. The mantle of thepresent invention elim- .'1"

inates these disadvantages of existing mantles by substituting anelastic binding means for the asbestos drawstring heretofore used toanchor mantles to burner tips. Moreover, since the elastic binding meansof the present invention disintegrates by the time the mantle has beencompletely calcined, the mouth of the mantle thereafter is free fromexternal binding forces and the internal strains that might be set upthereby so that the improved mantle has a longer useful life.

Accordingly, an object of the invention is to provide a new and improvedmantle for a gasoline burning device, such as a lantern, which mantle isconstructed with an elastic open end or mouth for snugly gripping theburner tip upon which it is placed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved mantlefor a gasoline burning device, which mantle has a substantiallyuniformly pleated or tucked open end or mouth and an elastic loop-shapedbinding means in the mouth to maintain the uniformity of the pleats ortucks and to contract the mouth into lirm gripping engagement with theburner tip upon which the mantle is placed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved mantlefor a gasoline burning device, which mantle has a substantiallyuniformly pleated or tucked open end or mouth and an elastic loop-shapedbinding means in the mouth to maintain the uniformity of the pleats ortucks and to contract the mouth into rm gripping engagement with theburner tip upon which the mantle is placed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a new and improvedmantle for a gasoline burning device, such as a lantern, which mantle isbound to a burner tip by a carbonaceous looped binding means that iselastic at normal temperature and disintegrates at the ambienttemperatures prevailing at the burner tip upon completion of thecalcining of the mantle and during normal Patented Aug. 23, 1955operation of the burner so that the mantle is free of external bindingforces which might be present if the mantle were bound by anon-disintegrable binding member having a different coeicient ofexpansion than the body of the mantle, such, for example, as an asbestosdrawstring.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a new and improvedmantle for gasoline lanterns or the like which is inexpensive toconstruct, more convenient to place in position for use and more durablethan conventionally constructed mantles.

These and other objects, advantages and capabilities of the inventionwill become apparent from the following description and accompanyingdrawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View of the improved mantle of the presentinvention before the volatile fabrics have been burned out of the same.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross sectional view of the improved uncalcinedmantle of the present invention mounted on a burner tip.

Fig. 3 is a diametrical sectional view on the line 3 1 of Pig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a diametrical sectional view similar to Fig. 3 but showing themantle after it has been calcined and;

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of the improved mantle of the presentinvention after it has been calcined.

The mantle indicated in its entirety by the number 16 has a body 12 ofwoven or knitted fabric which may be generally similar to the body of aconventional inverted mantle and may be manufactured in much the samemanner from material of the same type. in other words, the body of themantle is of generally slightly elongated globular shape, and it has anopen end or mouth 14 along which the body fabric is turned inwardly toform a hem 16 (Fig. l). Since considerable shrinkage occurs in the bodyof a mantle during the preliminary process of burning out the volatileportion of its fabric, the body 12 and mouth 14 are generally made atleast double the size which it is desired that they ultimately assume.

An asbestos drawstring laced through the mouth of the mantle hasheretofore been used to contract the mouth into firm gripping engagementwith a burner tip for holding the uncalcined mantle on the burner tip.In place of this drawstring, the improved mantle of the presentinvention has a looped elastic binding means 18 somewhat smaller in sizewhen relaxed than the outside of the burner tip which is indicated at 20in Fig. 2. This binding means may comprise one or more loops of elasticthread interlaced, threaded or otherwise intertwined in the hem 16 (Fig.1), for example, in much the same manner as asbestos cords haveheretofore been interlaced in the mouths of mantles, or it may beinclosed within the hem or fixed to the mouth of the mantle in any othermanner found convenient. inasmuch as the binding means 18 has a relaxedsize less than the perimeter of the uncalcined mantle 16, the mouth 14of the mantle will be contracted when the looped binding means 13 isthreaded through or otherwise secured therein. In order to take up oraccommodate for this contraction, the woven material at the mouth 14preferably is arranged in substantially uniform pleats or tucks whichallow the mouth to expand when the mantle is to be placed over theburner tip 20. These tucks or pleats are shown in a somewhat exaggeratedmanner at 22 on the drawing.

It will be apparent, therefore, that the improved mantle of the presentinvention is much more readily placed on a burner tip than aconventional mantle particularly when the tip is in a relativelyinaccessible location because the need for attempting uniformly toarrange tucks in the mouth of the mantle while a drawstring is beingtightened and the need for tying a knot in the tightened drawstringventional asbestos drawstring, the improved mantle of the presentinvention is also superior to conventional mantles becausethis elasticbinding means permits a more uniformr shrinkage of the mouth around theburner tip than is possible when a mantle is anchored by means of Vadrawstring. VAs a'result, internal stresses in the Y calicined mantleare greatly reduced or are entirely absent.

In lorder toV obtain' this advantage, the elastic` binding means 18preferably comprises a loop of elastic thread made `from syntheticrubber-likematerial which melts and forms -a mild adhesive of suicientstrength to hold'the mantle 10 on the burner tip 20 during initialburning out Vof the mantle and which disintegrates in the presence ofthe temperature prevailing atv the burner tip upon com pletion ofburning out of the mantle or during initial burning of gasoline vapor inthe mantle. Thev mantle 10,

like conventional mantles, shrinks considerably duringthis initialburning lout process, and its mouth 14 tends to con-form to the shape ofthe burner tip 20-which is pro- Vvided with an outwardly rounded oraring periphery forming a retaining ledge or ridge 24 which prevents themouthof the calcined shrunken mantle from slipping o l the` bur-ner tip20 after the binding loop` 18 disintegrates. Such disintegrationordinarily occurs by the time heating of the mantle has been continuedlong enough completely tovbu'rnout the volatile materials therein, but,if it has not occurredV by then, it will occur almost immediately afterthe gasoline burner is turned on to burn gasoline vapor in the` mantle.YThe tucked or pleated mouth 14 is then-completely free of externalrestraint such as that aiorded by the asbestos drawstrings now used toanchor conventional unburned'mantlestoburner tips. Since there areno4-external restraints on the mouth 14 of the mantle I0, it will shrinkmoreI uniformly around the burnerl tipA 20 and with less likelihood ofinternal strains being set upAin the mantle. In addi-tion, more evencombustion v occurs: atl the mantle and it hasV for this reason amongothers al longer-,useful'life. Y

- YAnother reason for its longer,V usefulk life results froml theV factthat thertucks or pleats 22l are free to open Vup, itnecessary,toprovide for contraction of thev mouth 14l whereas this isV nottrue-when the mouth of' a mantle is bonndby anon-disintegrable means,such as an asbestos drawstringJ of the type heretofore ycommonly used,even though-this cord may expand somewhat.A Such a draw'- sti-ing,nevertheless, continues' to-have a binding elect' on the tucks orpleatsin the mouth of the mantleand, furtheri more, the; rate ofexpansion of asbestos cordn is less than the rate of' expansion' lof themouth ofy the mantle' so thatwanadditional bindjngforce is set upinA themouth of a mantley by the asbestosV drawstrings heretofore used;

present invention.

` While a preferred embodiment of the inventionV has been; shown anddescribed, it willr be apparent that numerous'valiations andemodicationsthereof may be madewithout departingl from the underlying principles ofthe Tliisf'fi'sl entirely absent' from'V the improved mantle of the CQinvention. It is desired, therefore, by Vthe Vfollowing claims, toinclude within the scope of the invention, all such variations andmodifications by which substantially the results of the invention may beobtained through 'the use of substantially the same or equivalent means.1

What I claim is: i

l. A mantle for a gasoline Vburner comprising a woven sack-shaped bodyhaving a mouth adapted loosely to t over the tip of said. burner, and aloop of elasticV carbonaceous material xed'in the mouth of said mantleto lcontract the said mouth into rm gripping engagement with a burnertipwhen it is placed on the latter.

2. A mantle for a gasoline burner comprising a woven Y sack-shaped bodyhaving a hemmed mouth adapted loosely t over the tip of said burner,andy one or' more looped Y l elastic carbonaceous strands intertwined inthe hemmed temperature range to which it is raised when calciningV ofthe mantle is' initiated and. distintegrable at the temperature to whichit is raised before completion of calcining of the mantle, said' loopcontracting the said open end into rm gripping engagement with theburner tip upon which the' uncalcined mantle is placed.

4. A mantle for a gasoline burner comprising a sackshape'd body of wovenuncalcined material having an open endadapted loosely: to fit over thetip of said burner and to shrink sullicientlyV when calcined' to bringsaid open end into firm encompassingv engagementV with said tip,

and a loop of synthetic rubber-like material secured in.

the open end. of said mantle of a relaxed size less than the size of theburner tip upon which the mantle is to be used to contract the Open endof 4the uncalcined mantle into firm engagement with a burner tip when,it is placed' on the latter.

5. A mantle for' a gasoline burner comprising a sackshaped body of wovenuncalcined. material havingl an open'end adapted loosely to fit over thetip of said burner, said uncalcined mantle being adapted to shrinksutticiently when calcined to bring said open endI into firmencompassing engagement with. said tip, a plurality of substantiallyuniformly arranged pleats in the open end of the said uncalcined mantleto contracty the size of the said end, and a loop of elasticcarbonaceous material threaded through said pleated end to maintain theuniformity of said pleats and' to contract the said open end of theuncalcinedV mantle into firm gripping engagement with the burner tipupon which the mantle is placed.

References Citedin' the l'e of this patent UNITED STATES'PATENTS935,241. Weyer Sept.` 28, 1909 2,506,706 Colle May 9, A1950` FOREIGNPrrnN'r'sv 211,792 Germany July 12, 1909

